Homo Politicus: Just What Animates Voters?
Sunday, September 21st, 2008This blog post has been anticipated for a few weeks now, during which time I managed to put my notes and thoughts together in such a way that enabled me to finally patch together my first entry at AOTP. So here goes.
On the topic of political ignorance, political economy and the potentially debilitating cognitive barriers that inform the two, no contemporary collection of thinkers can match those who have contributed to the social science journal Critical Review (CR) in recent years. Launched in 1986 by then graduate student Jeffrey Friedman, and dutifully edited all the while by now professor Friedman of the University of Texas at Austin, CR has seen its modus operandi evolve from that of a self-critical libertarian academic journal into a cutting edge intellectual free-for-all. But truth be told, its generally libertarian-friendly roster of scholarly sparring partners is obvious to any casual observer.
The most relevant issue of CR for this post is entitled “Democratic Competence”, first published in late 2006 as a special triple issue. A kind of homage to the work of political scientist Philip Converse - the first to expose not only the dearth of political knowledge on the part of the masses, but the dogmatic tendencies of those few citizens who were informed – and including his original work “The Nature of Belief Systems in Mass Publics”, this issue presented the views of contemporary empiricists, historians, economists and political philosophers to address mass democracy’s crisis of legitimacy (or, in some cases, the assertion of such a crisis at all.)
More recently, on August 31st of this year, as the last of the activities of the meeting of the American Political Scientists Association (APSA) were wrapping up, the Critical Review Foundation held its conference on the “ignorant, closed-minded” and (possibly even) “irrational” American voter. More or less inspired by George Mason University’s Bryan Caplan and his recent book The Myth of the Rational Voter, the goal of the event was to bring together researchers in public opinion, political economy and even evolutionary psychology to hopefully converge upon an overall assessment of just what drives voters to think and behave the way they do. Ignorant, closed-minded and irrational. (Oh my.) As we’ll see, although these are considered undesirable character traits at the interpersonal level, politics in a mass democracy only tends to amplify them.
Probably the most popular and enduring political campaign issue in these United States is the generic economy. No presidential candidate is without a platform that speaks to this all encompassing realm of human activity (which may explain why, of course). With both Barack Obama and John McCain touting the need to “achieve energy independence”, “create strong jobs” and “protect American workers”, the classical liberal, laissez faire conception of freely contracting individuals unconsciously contributing to an overall increase in wealth and living standards – even across borders – is implicitly, if not explicitly, chucked aside. And the masses eat it up.